Clarification of Encapsulation in PHP - OOP

PHP Developer - Boston, MA | Object Oriented Programming

Here is a demonstration of what is happening to an object member while changing it. This should help you clarify how PHP handles pointers:

class A {
public $val;

public function __construct( $val ) {
$this->val = $val;
}
}

class B {
public $val;

public function __construct( $val ) {
$this->val = $val;
}
}

$a = new A(5);

echo $a->val; // 5

echo "
";

$b = $a;

$b->val = 10;

echo $a->val; // 10

$c = clone( $a );

$c->val = 15;

echo "
";

echo $c->val; // 15

echo "
";

echo $a->val; // 15

echo "
";

$z = 1;

echo ++$z * $z++ + $z; // 7

echo "
";

echo $z; // 3

echo "
";

$m = 0;
do {
echo $m;
} while ( ++$m < 10 );